Reading Notes: Ramayana, Part A


King Dasharatha:

  • Two kings: Dasharatha and Janaka
  • Dasharatha: ruler of the Koshala kingdom
    • king in the Solar dynasty
  • Takes place in the city of Ayodhya
    • pretty and prosperous 
  • No sons, Three Queens
  • Two priests

Dasharatha's Sons:

  • Horse sacrifice
  • Sarayu river
  • Chief Wife: Kaushalya 
  • Gods promise 4 sons
  • Ravana can't be defeated by gods, only humans or monkeys
  • Ravana comes down as a human avatar 
  • To defeat Ravana, Vishnu is born on earth as a human
  • Vishnu ends up being Rama, Dasharatha's son
  • Heaven of Brahma
  • Rama, most beautiful child
  • Vashistha: wise

Vishvaitra: 

  • Young men
  • Vishvamitra wants Rama and Lakshmana to battle demons
  • Beginning of manhood

Thataka:

  • Jungle
  • Woman: Thataka
  • Rama challenged her with a bow
  • Cut off her arms
  • Thataka became invisible
  • Rama killed her
  • Celestial weapons appeared
  • Brahmins brought up a sacrifice

  • Ganga: the river of Ganges
  • Sagar Island where she descended 
  • Stolen horse
  • Ganga entered the underworld
  • Ashes of 60,000 sons of Sagara
  • Abandoned hermitage
  • Gautama and beautiful wife
  • Indra disguised himself 
  • Ahalya: wife
  • Gautama cursed Indra and Ahalya
  • Form of stone
  • Rama will end the curse

  • Rama falls in love with Sita
  • Sita is the goddess Lakshmi 
  • They share heavenly and eternal love
  • Challenge for men to marry Sita
  • Sita: Daughter of King Janaka
  • A suitor must bend the bow of the god Shiva

  • Rama wins challenge
  • Sita is his bride
  • Avatar of Vishnu
  • Rama gets a new weapon
  • Appears in the Mahabhrata 

  • Rama and Sita marry
  • Rama's brothers marry too

Rama the Hair Apparent:

  • Dasharatha needs son to carry on the royal line
  • Must decide which son will carry on the royal line
  • Rama's installation
  • Youngest wife: Kaikeyi
  • Mother of Bharata
  • Eldest queen: Kaushalya
  • Manthra: servant, not happy with Rama bring the crown prince 
  • Bharata: heir
  • Rama sent to exile

  • Goes with Vishvamitra to fight the rakshasas
  • Obeys to go into exile

  • Sita and Lakshmana go with him
  • Announces that he will go into exile
  • They leave Ayodhya 
  • Cross Ganges
  • 14 years of exile
  • Put aside royal clothing
  • Wear hair in Jata style
  • Revelation
  • Remembers cursing his son
  • His suffering is karma
  • Dies
  • Two wives: Kaushalya and Sumitra
  • No sons present at the time of death
  • Rama and Lakshmana in exile
  • Bharata and Shatrughan in the Kingdom of Ashwapati 


Bibliography: Sources used: M. DuttR. DuttGouldGriffithHodgsonMackenzieNiveditaOmanRichardson, and Ryder.

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Hanuman, Rama, and Lakshmana attack Ravana










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